CST 311 Week 5

 

WELCOME TO WEEK 5

Learning Journal

This week, we are covering the first part of the network layer, focusing mainly on the data plane. Next week, we will focus on the control plane of the network layer. We already know that the role of this layer is to move packets from the sending host to the receiving host. However, the network layer is the most complex layer of the protocol stack. The two key functions of the network layer are forwarding and routing.


The difference between routing and forwarding is as follows:

  • Routing is the process by which the path a packet takes from the source to its destination is determined. This process involves all of a network’s routers, whose interactions via routing protocols determine these paths. Routing is a global process that involves multiple routers working together across the network to find the best path.

  • Forwarding, on the other hand, is the process of transferring a packet from an incoming link to the appropriate outgoing link within a single router. It is a local, per-router process. A router uses its forwarding table, which contains specific entries that map destination IP addresses to specific router interfaces to decide where to forward the packet.

This week, I found learning the material harder than any other layer of the protocol stack, as the network layer is much more complex. I will continue to read and review these lectures once more before the week ends to ensure I fully understand the concepts.

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